![]() Risks of contracting soil-transmitted helminth infection have substantially reduced since 2005 (odds ratio 0♴7 for A lumbricoides, 0♵4 for T trichiura, and 0♵8 for hookworm infection). Population-adjusted prevalence of infection with A lumbricoides was 15♶%, with T trichiura was 12♵%, and with hookworm was 11♹% from 2005 onwards. Survey data were sparse for the south of the continent and for the western coast, and we identified no relevant information for Uruguay and little data for smaller countries such as Suriname, Guyana, French Guiana, and Ecuador. We georeferenced 6948 survey locations and entered the data into the open-access Global Neglected Tropical Diseases database. FINDINGS: We screened 4085 scientific papers and identified 174 articles containing relevant survey prevalence data. We used advanced Bayesian variable selection to identify environmental determinants that govern the distribution of soil-transmitted helminth infections. ![]() We extracted and georeferenced relevant survey data and did a meta-analysis of the data to assess the geographical distribution of the infection risk with Bayesian geostatistical models. METHODS: We did a systematic review of reports on the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection in South America published up to May 14, 2012. We aimed to estimate the risk and number of people infected with A lumbricoides, T trichiura, and hookworm across South America. The patient progressed favorably.īACKGROUND: The four common soil-transmitted helminth species-Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and the two hookworm species Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus-are endemic in South America, but their distribution, infection prevalence, and regional burden are poorly understood. By means of loop squeezing techniques the exit of many adult parasites was corroborated. Surgical intervention was performed with an exploratory laparotomy what showed a massive parasitemia within the intestinal loops. The physical examination, the clinical manifestations and the radiological tests (ultrasound) confirmed the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction due to Ascaris lumbricoides, a rare condition in Cuba. The patient stated that she had spent more than 15 days without defecating and with no expulsion of intestinal gasses. This study presents the clinical case of a 19-year-old white female patient who presented to the office with diffuse abdominal pain, mostly in the epigastric, periumbilical region in the lower abdomen, with a colic-like pain of variable intensity and abdominal distension, feeling that something was changing inside, accompanied by vomiting containing food and then clear bile, with cramps. However, on occasions emergency surgical treatment is needed. Most of the patient's progress well with the pharmacological treatment. Ascariasis presents a higher prevalence in children of tropical and subtropical countries, especially in the regions where poverty, overcrowding and bad environmental sanity are typical. SUMMARY It is considered that approximately a quarter of the world population is infected with Ascaris lumbricoides and many people die annually as a consequence of it. Descriptores: OBSTRUCCIÓN INTESTINAL ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES SIGNOS Y SÍNTOMAS INFORMES DE CASOS. Palabras clave: OCLUSIÓN INTESTINAL ÁSCARIS LUMBRICOIDES MANIFESTACIONES CLÍNICAS INFORMES DE CASOS. La paciente evolucionó de forma favorable. Mediante maniobras de ordeñamiento de las asas se corroboró la salida en grandes cantidades de los parásitos en su estadio adulto. Se realizó proceder quirúrgico tipo laparotomía exploratoria, que evidenció la parasitemia masiva en el interior de las asas intestinales. Se le realiza examen físico que, junto al cuadro clínico y el empleo de medios imagenológicos, ultrasonido abdominal, confirman el diagnóstico de oclusión intestinal por Áscaris lumbricoides, etiología poco usual en Cuba. Refiere que llevaba más de 15 días sin defecar y sin expulsión de gases. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente blanca, de 19 años de edad, que arriba con cuadro doloroso abdominal difuso a predominio de la región epigástrica, periumbilical y porción inferior del abdomen, con dolor a tipo cólico de intensidad variable y distensión abdominal con sensación de que algo le caminaba por dentro, acompañado de vómitos de contenido alimenticio y luego bilioso claro, con retortijones. Sin embargo, en ocasiones se necesita del manejo quirúrgico de urgencia. ![]() La gran mayoría de los pacientes resuelven con el tratamiento farmacológico. ![]() La ascariasis presenta una mayor prevalencia en niños de países tropicales y subtropicales, especialmente en las regiones donde abunda la pobreza, el hacinamiento y la mala sanidad ambiental. ![]() RESUMEN Se estima que aproximadamente un cuarto de la población mundial está infectado con Áscaris lumbricoides y muchas fallecen anualmente a consecuencia de ello. ![]()
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